Generally when you request a website it is much like calling someone on the phone.
You request someones number (IP Adress, each person and website has one. 208.43.109.222 for Battle Dawn) based on someones name (Domain Name,
http://battledawn.com) from the servers.
Then you call it, you request/send information to it (say, an image, or the 50+- images it takes to load a website!) and for each connection it approves or denies your request and gives you what it thinks you should have.
What the Staff does when a player cheats, is refuse some connections to the game from his unique number (IP Adress) to prevent him from requesting certain information. Furthermore, they see if one IP Adress is being used by multiple accounts.
Sounds good, no?
Well, there's two issues.
1:. Some providers are a bit... Stubborn... and offer their user an IP Adress that isn't static and unique like usually, but changes whenever they restart their router (dynamic IP). This makes it easy to pretend to be someone else and hard to get banned permanently.
2:. There are servers that take your request to another server, request what you want themself from that other server using their own IP adress then give it to you. Making it impossible for the Staff to ever know who actually requested it!
I hope that answers your question.